i. Definition of “Computer Network”:

A Computer Network is a collection of interconnected computers and devices that communicate with each other to share resources, such as data, files, and hardware devices like printers and internet connections. These networks can be established using wired or wireless communication technologies.

ii. Definition of “Protocol” in relation to data transmission:

A Protocol is a set of rules and conventions that define how data is transmitted and received over a network. Protocols ensure that devices on a network can communicate with each other effectively by specifying how data is formatted, transmitted, and processed.

Properties of Protocols:

1. Error Detection and Correction: Protocols include mechanisms to identify and correct errors that occur during data transmission to ensure the integrity of the data.
2. Data Formatting: Protocols define the structure and format of data to ensure that it is correctly interpreted by both the sender and receiver.
3. Flow Control: Protocols manage the rate of data transmission between devices to prevent congestion and ensure smooth data flow.
4. Addressing and Routing: Protocols provide unique identifiers for devices on the network and determine the best path for data to travel from the source to the destination.