Question Tag: Tax Revenue

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The Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896), as amended, requires all taxpayers to be on self-assessment as taxpayers know better their circumstances for tax purposes.

Required:
Evaluate FOUR (4) benefits of the self-assessment regime.

The self-assessment regime offers the following benefits:

  1. Increased accuracy and fairness
    • Taxpayers are in the best position to know their income and circumstances, which leads to more accurate and fair tax calculations. Self-assessment allows them to report their tax liabilities more accurately, based on their specific situation.
  2. Reduced disputes and objections
    • Since taxpayers are involved in determining their tax liabilities, there is a lower likelihood of disputes or objections over tax assessments. This can result in smoother interactions between the tax authority and taxpayers.
  3. Faster collection of taxes
    • Self-assessment encourages timely and accurate filing of tax returns, allowing the tax authority to collect taxes earlier, which improves cash flow for the government and aids in achieving revenue targets.
  4. Promotes voluntary compliance
    • By empowering taxpayers to assess their own tax obligations, the self-assessment regime fosters a culture of voluntary compliance. This reduces the need for aggressive tax enforcement actions and penalties.

The Transfer Pricing Unit of the Ghana Revenue Authority frowns upon any transaction between controlled persons that is not conducted at arm’s length.

Required:
What is arm’s length price and its effect on tax revenue?

Arm’s length price is the market price of goods and services agreed upon by willing and knowledgeable buyers and sellers in the open market.

Effect on Tax Revenue:
The arm’s length price ensures that tax administrators can use it in transactions between related parties. It promotes accurate reporting of income, enabling the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) to assess the correct tax liabilities for businesses, preventing revenue loss through transfer pricing manipulation.
(Total: 5 marks)

Identify THREE circumstances under which tax revenue is said to be at risk. (3 marks)

The circumstances in which tax revenue is said to be at risk include:

  1. Bankruptcy, Winding-up, or Liquidation: When a person becomes bankrupt, is wound up, or goes into liquidation.
  2. Departure from Ghana: When the Commissioner-General believes on reasonable grounds that the person is about to leave Ghana indefinitely.
  3. Cessation of Activity: When the Commissioner-General believes on reasonable grounds that the person is about to cease activity in Ghana.
  4. Tax Law Offenses: When the Commissioner-General believes on reasonable grounds that the person has committed an offense under a tax law.
  5. Failure to Maintain Documentation: When the Commissioner-General considers it appropriate, including but not limited to cases where the person fails to maintain adequate documentation.

(Any 3 points for 3 marks)