Question Tag: Accrual Basis

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  • 8 Marks

FA – Nov 2015 – L1 – SB – Q6a – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Differentiate accounting bases and discuss a setback of the cash basis.

i. Differences between Accounting Bases

  • Cash Basis: Recognizes revenue and expenses only when cash is received or paid. It does not match income with expenses incurred in the same period.
  • Accrual Basis: Recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash transactions occur. It provides a more accurate picture of a company’s financial position.
  • Break-up Basis: Assumes that a business will not continue as a going concern, and assets are valued at their realizable amounts rather than their carrying amounts.

ii. Setback of Cash Basis

  • It does not provide a true picture of financial performance, as income and expenses may not be recorded in the period to which they relate.

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  • 8 Marks

FA – Nov 2015 – L1 – SB – Q6a – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Differentiate accounting bases and discuss a setback of the cash basis.

i. Differences between Accounting Bases

  • Cash Basis: Recognizes revenue and expenses only when cash is received or paid. It does not match income with expenses incurred in the same period.
  • Accrual Basis: Recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash transactions occur. It provides a more accurate picture of a company’s financial position.
  • Break-up Basis: Assumes that a business will not continue as a going concern, and assets are valued at their realizable amounts rather than their carrying amounts.

ii. Setback of Cash Basis

  • It does not provide a true picture of financial performance, as income and expenses may not be recorded in the period to which they relate.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q5b -Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors (IAS 8)

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting, with examples

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q5b -Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors (IAS 8)

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting, with examples

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2018 – L1 – SA – Q14 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Determines the correct timing of income recognition under the accrual basis of accounting.

In the statement of cashflows, when recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2018 – L1 – SA – Q14 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Determines the correct timing of income recognition under the accrual basis of accounting.

In the statement of cashflows, when recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 6 Marks

FA – Nov 2022 – L1 – SB – Q4a – Accounting Concepts

Explain the cash, accrual, and break-up accounting bases.

Accounting concepts are the broad principles and general assumptions underlying the preparation of financial statements.

Required:
Explain the following accounting bases:
i. Cash basis
ii. Accrual basis
iii. Break-up basis
(6 Marks)

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  • 6 Marks

FA – Nov 2022 – L1 – SB – Q4a – Accounting Concepts

Explain the cash, accrual, and break-up accounting bases.

Accounting concepts are the broad principles and general assumptions underlying the preparation of financial statements.

Required:
Explain the following accounting bases:
i. Cash basis
ii. Accrual basis
iii. Break-up basis
(6 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

FA – MAY 2015 – L1 – SA – Q15 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Identify the correct condition for recognizing income under the accrual basis of accounting.

When recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received.
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received.
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received.
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received.
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – MAY 2015 – L1 – SA – Q15 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Identify the correct condition for recognizing income under the accrual basis of accounting.

When recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received.
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received.
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received.
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received.
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for central government

Prepare the Statement of Financial Performance and the Statement of Financial Position for the Consolidated Fund as of 31 December 2014 under accrual basis, in compliance with IPSAS.

Below is the Trial Balance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.

Additional Information:
i) It is the policy of Controller and Accountant General to adopt the accrual basis of preparing the public accounts of the Consolidated Fund for the first time in compliance with the Financial Administration Regulation 2004 and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The effective date is 31 December 2014.
ii) The current Chart of Accounts based on the GFS 2001 is used in the classification of revenues and expenditures.
iii) Consumption of fixed capital charged on cost for the year has been computed as GH¢156,000,000.
iv) Direct tax revenues due to government but were not received at 31 December 2014 amounted to GH¢49,000,000.
v) An established post salary in arrears as a result of salary increment in the fourth quarter of 2014 was GH¢56,000,000 and goods and services outstanding at the end of the year amounted to GH¢12,000,000.
vi) The grant shown in the trial balance as expenditure represents a statutory transfer to the District Assembly Common Fund (DACF). Any arrears in the DACF should be treated as payable. The current rate of transfer is 7.5% on the amount received.
vii) Public debt interest of GH¢14,000,000 was due to creditors but was not paid as at 31 December 2014.

Required:
a) Prepare in a form suitable for publication and in accordance with the relevant Financial Laws and IPSAS:
i) Statement of Financial Performance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.
ii) Statement of Financial Position of the Consolidated Fund as at 31 December 2014.
(Show all workings clearly)

b) Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for central government

Prepare the Statement of Financial Performance and the Statement of Financial Position for the Consolidated Fund as of 31 December 2014 under accrual basis, in compliance with IPSAS.

Below is the Trial Balance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.

Additional Information:
i) It is the policy of Controller and Accountant General to adopt the accrual basis of preparing the public accounts of the Consolidated Fund for the first time in compliance with the Financial Administration Regulation 2004 and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The effective date is 31 December 2014.
ii) The current Chart of Accounts based on the GFS 2001 is used in the classification of revenues and expenditures.
iii) Consumption of fixed capital charged on cost for the year has been computed as GH¢156,000,000.
iv) Direct tax revenues due to government but were not received at 31 December 2014 amounted to GH¢49,000,000.
v) An established post salary in arrears as a result of salary increment in the fourth quarter of 2014 was GH¢56,000,000 and goods and services outstanding at the end of the year amounted to GH¢12,000,000.
vi) The grant shown in the trial balance as expenditure represents a statutory transfer to the District Assembly Common Fund (DACF). Any arrears in the DACF should be treated as payable. The current rate of transfer is 7.5% on the amount received.
vii) Public debt interest of GH¢14,000,000 was due to creditors but was not paid as at 31 December 2014.

Required:
a) Prepare in a form suitable for publication and in accordance with the relevant Financial Laws and IPSAS:
i) Statement of Financial Performance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.
ii) Statement of Financial Position of the Consolidated Fund as at 31 December 2014.
(Show all workings clearly)

b) Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 2 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1b – International Public Sector Accounting Standard

Identify and disclose two significant accounting policies for the Consolidated Fund using the accrual basis for the first time.

Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 2 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1b – International Public Sector Accounting Standard

Identify and disclose two significant accounting policies for the Consolidated Fund using the accrual basis for the first time.

Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q2 – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for local government

Prepare financial statements (Statement of Financial Performance and Statement of Cash Flow) and explain basic disclosure requirements for Eminaa District Assembly.

a) The following details relate to Eminaa District Assembly for the year 2018.

Details GH¢’000
Dividend Received 93,250
Central Government Salaries 12,000,000
Basic Rates 370,900
Districts Development Facility 15,000,600
Rent from Land and Building 6,120,800
Established Posts 1,140,700
Other Expenditure 600,000
Non-Established Posts 580,000
Allowances 390,470
Court Fees 240,000
Inventory and Consumables 800,000
Sanitation Fees 370,000
General Cleaning 350,000
Common Fund 2,930,000
Social Benefit 840,300
Equity Investment Acquired 420,000
Infrastructure, Plant, and Equipment 980,000
Work-In-Progress 490,000
Loans Received 2,330,000
Interest Expense 200,000
Advances to Staff 660,000
Royalties 430,000
Consultancies cost 470,000
Training and Workshop cost 275,000
Transport and Travelling cost 620,000
Consumption of Fixed Assets 960,000
Special Services 820,000
Utilities 630,000
Market Tolls 870,000
Permit Fees 990,000
Fines and Penalties 330,000
Development Bonds Issued 1,300,000
Hostel License 630,920
Business Income 2,300,600
Chop Bar License 300,400
Proceeds from Sale of Equity 990,320
Accumulated Fund (1/1/2018) 370,600
Herbalist License 530,370
Cash and Cash Equivalent @ (1/1/2018) 12,300,240
Stool Land Revenue 600,000
Lorry Park Fees 720,400
Market Store Rent 300,750
Recoveries 194,000
Loan Repayment 143,000
Property Rate 820,900

Additional Information:

  1. Eminaa District Assembly adopts the accrual basis of accounting in the preparation of its financial statements.
  2. Established Post salaries outstanding as at 31/12/2018 were GH¢180,000,000.
  3. Inventory at 31/12/2018 was GH¢170,000,000.

Required:
Prepare for Eminaa District Assembly:

  • Statement of Financial Performance for the year ended 31/12/2018.

(7 marks)

b) Prepare a statement of cash flow for Eminaa District Assembly for the year ended 31/12/2018. (8 marks)

c) Subject to IPSAS 6: Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, a Controlling Entity that presents Consolidated Financial Statements shall disclose certain basic information.

 

Explain FIVE (5) basic information that an institution preparing Consolidated Financial Statements needs to disclose. (5 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q2 – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for local government

Prepare financial statements (Statement of Financial Performance and Statement of Cash Flow) and explain basic disclosure requirements for Eminaa District Assembly.

a) The following details relate to Eminaa District Assembly for the year 2018.

Details GH¢’000
Dividend Received 93,250
Central Government Salaries 12,000,000
Basic Rates 370,900
Districts Development Facility 15,000,600
Rent from Land and Building 6,120,800
Established Posts 1,140,700
Other Expenditure 600,000
Non-Established Posts 580,000
Allowances 390,470
Court Fees 240,000
Inventory and Consumables 800,000
Sanitation Fees 370,000
General Cleaning 350,000
Common Fund 2,930,000
Social Benefit 840,300
Equity Investment Acquired 420,000
Infrastructure, Plant, and Equipment 980,000
Work-In-Progress 490,000
Loans Received 2,330,000
Interest Expense 200,000
Advances to Staff 660,000
Royalties 430,000
Consultancies cost 470,000
Training and Workshop cost 275,000
Transport and Travelling cost 620,000
Consumption of Fixed Assets 960,000
Special Services 820,000
Utilities 630,000
Market Tolls 870,000
Permit Fees 990,000
Fines and Penalties 330,000
Development Bonds Issued 1,300,000
Hostel License 630,920
Business Income 2,300,600
Chop Bar License 300,400
Proceeds from Sale of Equity 990,320
Accumulated Fund (1/1/2018) 370,600
Herbalist License 530,370
Cash and Cash Equivalent @ (1/1/2018) 12,300,240
Stool Land Revenue 600,000
Lorry Park Fees 720,400
Market Store Rent 300,750
Recoveries 194,000
Loan Repayment 143,000
Property Rate 820,900

Additional Information:

  1. Eminaa District Assembly adopts the accrual basis of accounting in the preparation of its financial statements.
  2. Established Post salaries outstanding as at 31/12/2018 were GH¢180,000,000.
  3. Inventory at 31/12/2018 was GH¢170,000,000.

Required:
Prepare for Eminaa District Assembly:

  • Statement of Financial Performance for the year ended 31/12/2018.

(7 marks)

b) Prepare a statement of cash flow for Eminaa District Assembly for the year ended 31/12/2018. (8 marks)

c) Subject to IPSAS 6: Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, a Controlling Entity that presents Consolidated Financial Statements shall disclose certain basic information.

 

Explain FIVE (5) basic information that an institution preparing Consolidated Financial Statements needs to disclose. (5 marks)

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  • 8 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

This question addresses how different accounting bases (cash vs. accrual) affect the treatment of specific items in financial statements.

The Director of Finance and the Principal Spending Officer of a Public Sector Organization are in disagreement as to which basis of accounting will provide the most useful information to the users. The Principal Spending Officer strongly believes that whether an entity applies cash basis or accrual basis, the effect is the same. The Director of Finance disagrees with him totally, arguing that different accounting treatments apply to both and therefore affect the level of disclosure in the financial report. The Director of Finance proceeded to illustrate his point by drawing on the basis of accounting on these items in the financial statement:

i) Motor vehicle donated to the entity

ii) Revenue due but not received by the entity

iii) Furniture acquired in the current year

iv) Electricity consumed for the year but not paid to the Electricity Company.

Required:

The Director of Finance has tasked you to present a brief paper on how the two accounting bases would be applied in the treatment of items i) to iv).

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  • 8 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

This question addresses how different accounting bases (cash vs. accrual) affect the treatment of specific items in financial statements.

The Director of Finance and the Principal Spending Officer of a Public Sector Organization are in disagreement as to which basis of accounting will provide the most useful information to the users. The Principal Spending Officer strongly believes that whether an entity applies cash basis or accrual basis, the effect is the same. The Director of Finance disagrees with him totally, arguing that different accounting treatments apply to both and therefore affect the level of disclosure in the financial report. The Director of Finance proceeded to illustrate his point by drawing on the basis of accounting on these items in the financial statement:

i) Motor vehicle donated to the entity

ii) Revenue due but not received by the entity

iii) Furniture acquired in the current year

iv) Electricity consumed for the year but not paid to the Electricity Company.

Required:

The Director of Finance has tasked you to present a brief paper on how the two accounting bases would be applied in the treatment of items i) to iv).

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  • 10 Marks

PSAF – July 2023 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

Discuss the conditions for transitioning from cash basis to accrual basis accounting in a public sector entity.

A public sector entity is transitioning from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting for the 2022 financial year. You are a member of the transitional committee set up to ensure smooth change over.

Required: Discuss FIVE (5) conditions for seamless transition from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting.

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  • 10 Marks

PSAF – July 2023 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

Discuss the conditions for transitioning from cash basis to accrual basis accounting in a public sector entity.

A public sector entity is transitioning from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting for the 2022 financial year. You are a member of the transitional committee set up to ensure smooth change over.

Required: Discuss FIVE (5) conditions for seamless transition from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting.

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  • 8 Marks

FA – Nov 2015 – L1 – SB – Q6a – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Differentiate accounting bases and discuss a setback of the cash basis.

i. Differences between Accounting Bases

  • Cash Basis: Recognizes revenue and expenses only when cash is received or paid. It does not match income with expenses incurred in the same period.
  • Accrual Basis: Recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash transactions occur. It provides a more accurate picture of a company’s financial position.
  • Break-up Basis: Assumes that a business will not continue as a going concern, and assets are valued at their realizable amounts rather than their carrying amounts.

ii. Setback of Cash Basis

  • It does not provide a true picture of financial performance, as income and expenses may not be recorded in the period to which they relate.

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  • 8 Marks

FA – Nov 2015 – L1 – SB – Q6a – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Differentiate accounting bases and discuss a setback of the cash basis.

i. Differences between Accounting Bases

  • Cash Basis: Recognizes revenue and expenses only when cash is received or paid. It does not match income with expenses incurred in the same period.
  • Accrual Basis: Recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash transactions occur. It provides a more accurate picture of a company’s financial position.
  • Break-up Basis: Assumes that a business will not continue as a going concern, and assets are valued at their realizable amounts rather than their carrying amounts.

ii. Setback of Cash Basis

  • It does not provide a true picture of financial performance, as income and expenses may not be recorded in the period to which they relate.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q5b -Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors (IAS 8)

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting, with examples

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q5b -Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors (IAS 8)

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting, with examples

Explain the differences between the accrual, cash, and break-up basis of accounting.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2018 – L1 – SA – Q14 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Determines the correct timing of income recognition under the accrual basis of accounting.

In the statement of cashflows, when recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2018 – L1 – SA – Q14 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Determines the correct timing of income recognition under the accrual basis of accounting.

In the statement of cashflows, when recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 6 Marks

FA – Nov 2022 – L1 – SB – Q4a – Accounting Concepts

Explain the cash, accrual, and break-up accounting bases.

Accounting concepts are the broad principles and general assumptions underlying the preparation of financial statements.

Required:
Explain the following accounting bases:
i. Cash basis
ii. Accrual basis
iii. Break-up basis
(6 Marks)

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  • 6 Marks

FA – Nov 2022 – L1 – SB – Q4a – Accounting Concepts

Explain the cash, accrual, and break-up accounting bases.

Accounting concepts are the broad principles and general assumptions underlying the preparation of financial statements.

Required:
Explain the following accounting bases:
i. Cash basis
ii. Accrual basis
iii. Break-up basis
(6 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

FA – MAY 2015 – L1 – SA – Q15 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Identify the correct condition for recognizing income under the accrual basis of accounting.

When recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received.
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received.
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received.
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received.
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – MAY 2015 – L1 – SA – Q15 – Bases of Accounting: Accrual vs. Cash

Identify the correct condition for recognizing income under the accrual basis of accounting.

When recognizing income under the accrual basis, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Income is recognized when earned and cash is received.
B. Income is recognized only when it is not certain that cash will be received.
C. Income is recognized only when cash is received.
D. Income is recognized when earned and not necessarily when cash is received.
E. Accrued income is only recognized in the financial statements.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for central government

Prepare the Statement of Financial Performance and the Statement of Financial Position for the Consolidated Fund as of 31 December 2014 under accrual basis, in compliance with IPSAS.

Below is the Trial Balance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.

Additional Information:
i) It is the policy of Controller and Accountant General to adopt the accrual basis of preparing the public accounts of the Consolidated Fund for the first time in compliance with the Financial Administration Regulation 2004 and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The effective date is 31 December 2014.
ii) The current Chart of Accounts based on the GFS 2001 is used in the classification of revenues and expenditures.
iii) Consumption of fixed capital charged on cost for the year has been computed as GH¢156,000,000.
iv) Direct tax revenues due to government but were not received at 31 December 2014 amounted to GH¢49,000,000.
v) An established post salary in arrears as a result of salary increment in the fourth quarter of 2014 was GH¢56,000,000 and goods and services outstanding at the end of the year amounted to GH¢12,000,000.
vi) The grant shown in the trial balance as expenditure represents a statutory transfer to the District Assembly Common Fund (DACF). Any arrears in the DACF should be treated as payable. The current rate of transfer is 7.5% on the amount received.
vii) Public debt interest of GH¢14,000,000 was due to creditors but was not paid as at 31 December 2014.

Required:
a) Prepare in a form suitable for publication and in accordance with the relevant Financial Laws and IPSAS:
i) Statement of Financial Performance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.
ii) Statement of Financial Position of the Consolidated Fund as at 31 December 2014.
(Show all workings clearly)

b) Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for central government

Prepare the Statement of Financial Performance and the Statement of Financial Position for the Consolidated Fund as of 31 December 2014 under accrual basis, in compliance with IPSAS.

Below is the Trial Balance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.

Additional Information:
i) It is the policy of Controller and Accountant General to adopt the accrual basis of preparing the public accounts of the Consolidated Fund for the first time in compliance with the Financial Administration Regulation 2004 and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The effective date is 31 December 2014.
ii) The current Chart of Accounts based on the GFS 2001 is used in the classification of revenues and expenditures.
iii) Consumption of fixed capital charged on cost for the year has been computed as GH¢156,000,000.
iv) Direct tax revenues due to government but were not received at 31 December 2014 amounted to GH¢49,000,000.
v) An established post salary in arrears as a result of salary increment in the fourth quarter of 2014 was GH¢56,000,000 and goods and services outstanding at the end of the year amounted to GH¢12,000,000.
vi) The grant shown in the trial balance as expenditure represents a statutory transfer to the District Assembly Common Fund (DACF). Any arrears in the DACF should be treated as payable. The current rate of transfer is 7.5% on the amount received.
vii) Public debt interest of GH¢14,000,000 was due to creditors but was not paid as at 31 December 2014.

Required:
a) Prepare in a form suitable for publication and in accordance with the relevant Financial Laws and IPSAS:
i) Statement of Financial Performance of the Consolidated Fund for the year ended 31 December 2014.
ii) Statement of Financial Position of the Consolidated Fund as at 31 December 2014.
(Show all workings clearly)

b) Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 2 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1b – International Public Sector Accounting Standard

Identify and disclose two significant accounting policies for the Consolidated Fund using the accrual basis for the first time.

Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 2 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1b – International Public Sector Accounting Standard

Identify and disclose two significant accounting policies for the Consolidated Fund using the accrual basis for the first time.

Disclose any TWO significant accounting policies as part of the notes to your accounts, as much as the information provided will permit.

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q2 – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for local government

Prepare financial statements (Statement of Financial Performance and Statement of Cash Flow) and explain basic disclosure requirements for Eminaa District Assembly.

a) The following details relate to Eminaa District Assembly for the year 2018.

Details GH¢’000
Dividend Received 93,250
Central Government Salaries 12,000,000
Basic Rates 370,900
Districts Development Facility 15,000,600
Rent from Land and Building 6,120,800
Established Posts 1,140,700
Other Expenditure 600,000
Non-Established Posts 580,000
Allowances 390,470
Court Fees 240,000
Inventory and Consumables 800,000
Sanitation Fees 370,000
General Cleaning 350,000
Common Fund 2,930,000
Social Benefit 840,300
Equity Investment Acquired 420,000
Infrastructure, Plant, and Equipment 980,000
Work-In-Progress 490,000
Loans Received 2,330,000
Interest Expense 200,000
Advances to Staff 660,000
Royalties 430,000
Consultancies cost 470,000
Training and Workshop cost 275,000
Transport and Travelling cost 620,000
Consumption of Fixed Assets 960,000
Special Services 820,000
Utilities 630,000
Market Tolls 870,000
Permit Fees 990,000
Fines and Penalties 330,000
Development Bonds Issued 1,300,000
Hostel License 630,920
Business Income 2,300,600
Chop Bar License 300,400
Proceeds from Sale of Equity 990,320
Accumulated Fund (1/1/2018) 370,600
Herbalist License 530,370
Cash and Cash Equivalent @ (1/1/2018) 12,300,240
Stool Land Revenue 600,000
Lorry Park Fees 720,400
Market Store Rent 300,750
Recoveries 194,000
Loan Repayment 143,000
Property Rate 820,900

Additional Information:

  1. Eminaa District Assembly adopts the accrual basis of accounting in the preparation of its financial statements.
  2. Established Post salaries outstanding as at 31/12/2018 were GH¢180,000,000.
  3. Inventory at 31/12/2018 was GH¢170,000,000.

Required:
Prepare for Eminaa District Assembly:

  • Statement of Financial Performance for the year ended 31/12/2018.

(7 marks)

b) Prepare a statement of cash flow for Eminaa District Assembly for the year ended 31/12/2018. (8 marks)

c) Subject to IPSAS 6: Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, a Controlling Entity that presents Consolidated Financial Statements shall disclose certain basic information.

 

Explain FIVE (5) basic information that an institution preparing Consolidated Financial Statements needs to disclose. (5 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q2 – Preparation and presentation of financial statements for local government

Prepare financial statements (Statement of Financial Performance and Statement of Cash Flow) and explain basic disclosure requirements for Eminaa District Assembly.

a) The following details relate to Eminaa District Assembly for the year 2018.

Details GH¢’000
Dividend Received 93,250
Central Government Salaries 12,000,000
Basic Rates 370,900
Districts Development Facility 15,000,600
Rent from Land and Building 6,120,800
Established Posts 1,140,700
Other Expenditure 600,000
Non-Established Posts 580,000
Allowances 390,470
Court Fees 240,000
Inventory and Consumables 800,000
Sanitation Fees 370,000
General Cleaning 350,000
Common Fund 2,930,000
Social Benefit 840,300
Equity Investment Acquired 420,000
Infrastructure, Plant, and Equipment 980,000
Work-In-Progress 490,000
Loans Received 2,330,000
Interest Expense 200,000
Advances to Staff 660,000
Royalties 430,000
Consultancies cost 470,000
Training and Workshop cost 275,000
Transport and Travelling cost 620,000
Consumption of Fixed Assets 960,000
Special Services 820,000
Utilities 630,000
Market Tolls 870,000
Permit Fees 990,000
Fines and Penalties 330,000
Development Bonds Issued 1,300,000
Hostel License 630,920
Business Income 2,300,600
Chop Bar License 300,400
Proceeds from Sale of Equity 990,320
Accumulated Fund (1/1/2018) 370,600
Herbalist License 530,370
Cash and Cash Equivalent @ (1/1/2018) 12,300,240
Stool Land Revenue 600,000
Lorry Park Fees 720,400
Market Store Rent 300,750
Recoveries 194,000
Loan Repayment 143,000
Property Rate 820,900

Additional Information:

  1. Eminaa District Assembly adopts the accrual basis of accounting in the preparation of its financial statements.
  2. Established Post salaries outstanding as at 31/12/2018 were GH¢180,000,000.
  3. Inventory at 31/12/2018 was GH¢170,000,000.

Required:
Prepare for Eminaa District Assembly:

  • Statement of Financial Performance for the year ended 31/12/2018.

(7 marks)

b) Prepare a statement of cash flow for Eminaa District Assembly for the year ended 31/12/2018. (8 marks)

c) Subject to IPSAS 6: Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, a Controlling Entity that presents Consolidated Financial Statements shall disclose certain basic information.

 

Explain FIVE (5) basic information that an institution preparing Consolidated Financial Statements needs to disclose. (5 marks)

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  • 8 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

This question addresses how different accounting bases (cash vs. accrual) affect the treatment of specific items in financial statements.

The Director of Finance and the Principal Spending Officer of a Public Sector Organization are in disagreement as to which basis of accounting will provide the most useful information to the users. The Principal Spending Officer strongly believes that whether an entity applies cash basis or accrual basis, the effect is the same. The Director of Finance disagrees with him totally, arguing that different accounting treatments apply to both and therefore affect the level of disclosure in the financial report. The Director of Finance proceeded to illustrate his point by drawing on the basis of accounting on these items in the financial statement:

i) Motor vehicle donated to the entity

ii) Revenue due but not received by the entity

iii) Furniture acquired in the current year

iv) Electricity consumed for the year but not paid to the Electricity Company.

Required:

The Director of Finance has tasked you to present a brief paper on how the two accounting bases would be applied in the treatment of items i) to iv).

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  • 8 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

This question addresses how different accounting bases (cash vs. accrual) affect the treatment of specific items in financial statements.

The Director of Finance and the Principal Spending Officer of a Public Sector Organization are in disagreement as to which basis of accounting will provide the most useful information to the users. The Principal Spending Officer strongly believes that whether an entity applies cash basis or accrual basis, the effect is the same. The Director of Finance disagrees with him totally, arguing that different accounting treatments apply to both and therefore affect the level of disclosure in the financial report. The Director of Finance proceeded to illustrate his point by drawing on the basis of accounting on these items in the financial statement:

i) Motor vehicle donated to the entity

ii) Revenue due but not received by the entity

iii) Furniture acquired in the current year

iv) Electricity consumed for the year but not paid to the Electricity Company.

Required:

The Director of Finance has tasked you to present a brief paper on how the two accounting bases would be applied in the treatment of items i) to iv).

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  • 10 Marks

PSAF – July 2023 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

Discuss the conditions for transitioning from cash basis to accrual basis accounting in a public sector entity.

A public sector entity is transitioning from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting for the 2022 financial year. You are a member of the transitional committee set up to ensure smooth change over.

Required: Discuss FIVE (5) conditions for seamless transition from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting.

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  • 10 Marks

PSAF – July 2023 – L2 – Q1a – Accounting policies for cash and accrual-based accounting systems

Discuss the conditions for transitioning from cash basis to accrual basis accounting in a public sector entity.

A public sector entity is transitioning from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting for the 2022 financial year. You are a member of the transitional committee set up to ensure smooth change over.

Required: Discuss FIVE (5) conditions for seamless transition from cash basis of accounting to accrual basis of accounting.

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